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ocean shipping companies in China

Top 8 ocean shipping companies in China | 2023

Table of Contents

Introduction

In the heart of China’s dynamic global economic presence lies a robust network of seaports that has given rise to a thriving community of ocean shipping companies in China. These companies stand at the forefront, orchestrating the smooth and efficient movement of goods and commodities between China and the far reaches of the world. This landscape offers a multitude of options to businesses in search of dependable, streamlined, and cost-effective sea freight solutions.
At Hipofly Shipping Company, we’re a prominent player amongΒ  ocean shipping companies in China . We’re dedicated to making our customers happy, always using the latest technology, and drawing from decades of experience. We provide top-notch sea freight services that are customized to your needs. When you work with us, you get access to our vast network of high-quality seaports and strong partnerships with global carriers, ensuring your cargo is delivered smoothly and on time.

Importance of ocean shipping companies in China's Trade ​

Ocean shipping companies play a pivotal role in China’s trade landscape. They serve as the linchpin connecting China’s bustling economy to global markets, facilitating the import and export of goods on a massive scale.
ocean shipping companies in China are the lifeline of China’s trade, ensuring the country’s economic vitality, growth, and integration into the global economy. Their role extends beyond transportation, influencing economic, geopolitical, and strategic aspects of China’s engagement with the world.
The importance of these companies in China’s trade can be summarized in several key aspects:

  1. Global Trade Connectivity: Ocean shipping companies in China are the backbone of China’s global trade, linking the nation’s manufacturing hubs with consumers and businesses worldwide. They enable the movement of a vast array of goods, from electronics and textiles to machinery and raw materials, supporting both exports and imports.
  2. Economic Growth: China’s economic growth relies heavily on international trade, and ocean shipping companies ensure a steady flow of goods in and out of the country. This, in turn, drives economic expansion, job creation, and prosperity.
  3. Supply Chain Efficiency: These companies contribute significantly to supply chain efficiency, ensuring that goods can be transported efficiently and cost-effectively. This efficiency is critical for businesses to remain competitive in the global market.
  4. Market Access: Ocean shipping provides Chinese businesses with access to a diverse range of international markets. It allows them to reach consumers in different countries, fostering economic diversification and reducing dependence on any one market.
  5. Resource Acquisition: China is a major importer of raw materials, energy resources, and agricultural products. Ocean shipping companies facilitate the reliable and timely delivery of these essential resources, supporting the country’s industrial and agricultural sectors.
  6. Foreign Exchange Earnings: Exports facilitated by these companies generate foreign exchange earnings, bolstering China’s currency reserves and financial stability.
  7. Geopolitical Influence: A robust maritime trade presence enhances China’s geopolitical influence by strengthening its economic ties with other nations. This can lead to diplomatic and strategic advantages on the global stage.
  8. Integration with Global Value Chains: China’s participation in global value chains is reliant on the efficient movement of components and products, which is made possible by ocean shipping companies. This integration enhances China’s competitiveness and innovation.

What Are The duties Of ocean shipping companies in China ?

Ocean shipping companies in China have several key duties in facilitating the smooth and efficient movement of goods across international waters. Their primary responsibilities include coordinating the transportation of cargo via sea routes, ensuring compliance with international maritime regulations, managing vessel operations, and overseeing the logistics of loading and unloading cargo at ports.
They are tasked with providing shipping solutions tailored to their clients’ needs, which may involve containerization, refrigeration, or special handling of sensitive cargo.Β here are a few additional duties of ocean shipping companies in China:

  • Cargo Consolidation and Deconsolidation: Ocean shipping companies often deal with various types and sizes of cargo. They must efficiently consolidate smaller shipments into containers or break down larger shipments to optimize space utilization. This process helps reduce shipping costs for clients and enhances the efficiency of cargo transport.
  • Supply Chain Visibility: Providing real-time tracking and visibility of cargo movements is crucial for clients to plan their supply chains effectively. Ocean shipping companies employ tracking systems and software to offer clients transparency regarding the location, status, and estimated arrival times of their cargo. This information aids in better inventory management and production scheduling for businesses.
  • Port and Terminal Coordination: Ocean shipping companies must collaborate closely with different ports and terminals where their vessels call. Effective coordination ensures that cargo handling processes, such as loading and unloading, customs clearance, and inspections, are streamlined. Minimizing dwell times at ports helps reduce shipping costs and delivery times.
  • Vessel Maintenance and Repairs: Vessels require regular maintenance to remain seaworthy and safe. Ocean shipping companies are responsible for scheduling and conducting routine maintenance, as well as addressing any repairs promptly. This duty ensures the safety of the vessel, its crew, and the cargo it carries.
  • Emergency Response: Ocean shipping companies must have comprehensive emergency response plans in place. These plans cover various crisis scenarios, such as accidents, natural disasters, or security threats like piracy. Adequate preparedness and response measures are crucial for safeguarding cargo, protecting vessel integrity, and ensuring the safety of crew members.
  • Market Analysis and Strategy: Staying competitive in the shipping industry requires constant market analysis. Ocean shipping companies monitor global trade trends, assess competition, and analyze shifts in demand and supply. Based on this analysis, they adapt their strategies, such as route planning, pricing, and service offerings, to meet changing market dynamics effectively.
  • Environmental Responsibility: To address environmental concerns, ocean shipping companies are increasingly adopting sustainable practices. This includes reducing greenhouse gas emissions, implementing ballast water management systems to prevent the spread of invasive species, and complying with international environmental regulations to minimize their ecological footprint.
  • Training and Development: Maintaining a highly skilled and knowledgeable workforce is essential for the safe and efficient operation of vessels. Ocean shipping companies invest in crew training and development programs to ensure that their personnel are well-equipped to handle modern shipping challenges, emergency situations, and the latest technologies and best practices in the industry.

These additional duties showcase the comprehensive responsibilities of ocean shipping companies in China, highlighting their role in not only facilitating trade but also ensuring safety, efficiency, sustainability, and adaptability in a complex and evolving maritime landscape.

Maersk Line

As the world’s largest container shipping company, Maersk Line provides a wide range of services from China to destinations worldwide. Their extensive global network covers more than 300 ports in over 120 countries, ensuring efficient and reliable shipping solutions.
Maersk Line offers services such as Full Container Load (FCL), Less than Container Load (LCL), refrigerated cargo, and specialized equipment for oversized or heavy cargo. They also provide supply chain management solutions, customs clearance, and cargo insurance, making them a one-stop shop for shipping needs from China.
Β Maersk Line’s extensive network of shipping routes, coupled with its efficient and reliable services, supports China’s manufacturing and export sectors while also contributing to the country’s economic growth.
Website: maersk.com

ο»ΏBenefits Description
Global Reach Maersk Line provides access to an extensive global network, connecting Chinese businesses worldwide.
Reliability Known for its reliability, Maersk Line ensures secure and punctual cargo transportation.
Efficiency Streamlined operations and advanced technologies enhance supply chain efficiency, reducing costs.
Sustainability Maersk Line is committed to sustainability, reducing its environmental impact in line with green initiatives.
Innovation Investment in technology and innovation improves cargo tracking and supply chain management.
Safety Prioritizing safety minimizes risks and ensures the safety of cargo, vessels, and crew members.
Customized Solutions Maersk Line offers tailored shipping solutions to meet the unique needs of Chinese businesses.

These benefits highlight why Maersk Line is a trusted and valuable partner for Chinese businesses engaged in international trade, contributing to their global competitiveness.

Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC)

MSC is the second-largest shipping line globally and offers comprehensive shipping services from China to ports across the world, with a focus on Europe and the Mediterranean region.
Their vast network and fleet of modern ships enable them to handle various types of cargo, including FCL, LCL, refrigerated, and project cargo. MSC also offers value-added services such as warehousing, customs clearance, and inland transportation, catering to diverse shipping requirements from China.
MSC, the Mediterranean Shipping Company, plays a pivotal role in China’s maritime and international trade landscape.
It acts as a linchpin in facilitating China’s import and export activities by offering dependable and efficient sea freight services, thus bolstering the nation’s robust international trade. MSC’s extensive network of shipping routes fosters global connectivity, enabling Chinese businesses to access markets worldwide and broaden their trade horizons.Β 
Website:Β msc.com

ο»ΏBenefit Description
Extensive Global Network MSC provides Chinese businesses access to a vast network of shipping routes, facilitating global trade.
Reliability Renowned for unwavering reliability, MSC ensures secure and timely cargo transportation to and from China.
Efficiency Streamlined operations and cutting-edge technologies enhance supply chain efficiency, reducing costs.
Sustainability Committed to sustainability, MSC aligns with China's eco-friendly shipping initiatives, reducing its environmental impact.
Innovation Continuous investment in technology and innovation yields advanced cargo tracking and supply chain management tools for Chinese businesses.
Safety Safety is a top priority, with MSC safeguarding cargo, vessels, and crew members, ensuring a secure shipping environment.
Customized Solutions MSC specializes in tailoring shipping solutions to meet the unique requirements of Chinese businesses, providing flexibility and adaptability in logistics operations.

MSC’s presence and contributions in China make it a valuable partner for Chinese businesses engaged in international trade, enhancing their global competitiveness and providing reliable shipping solutions.

CMA CGM

The French shipping giant CMA CGM offers an extensive global network and diverse shipping solutions from China. They serve various industries, catering to different cargo types such as FCL, LCL, refrigerated, and out-of-gauge cargo. CMA CGM provides additional services like logistics solutions, cargo insurance, and customs brokerage, ensuring comprehensive shipping options from China to international destinations.
CMA CGM Group, headquartered in Marseille, France, is one of the world’s leading shipping and logistics companies. Founded in 1978, it has rapidly expanded to become a global leader in container shipping, logistics, and port services.Β 
The company facilitates China’s international trade by providing reliable and efficient sea freight services, supporting the nation’s import and export activities.
Website: cma-cgm.com

ο»ΏBenefits Description
Trade Facilitation CMA CGM Group facilitates China's international trade by providing reliable and efficient sea freight services.
Global Connectivity With an extensive network of shipping routes, the group connects Chinese businesses to markets worldwide.
Port Collaboration Collaborating closely with Chinese ports, CMA CGM optimizes cargo handling processes, reducing transit times for import and export operations.
Sustainability Initiatives Committed to sustainability, the group aligns with China's green shipping initiatives, reducing its environmental impact.
Technology and Innovation Leveraging technology and innovation, CMA CGM enhances supply chain efficiency, offering advanced cargo tracking and management solutions.

These benefits underscore CMA CGM Group’s role as a valuable partner for Chinese businesses engaged in international trade, contributing to their global competitiveness and providing reliable shipping and logistics solutions.

ocean shipping companies in China

Cosco Shipping

As one of China’s largest shipping companies, COSCO Shipping connects China to major global markets, providing a wide range of services to suit different shipping needs. Their services include FCL, LCL, break-bulk cargo, and specialized cargo handling for oversized or heavy items. COSCO Shipping also offers integrated logistics services, warehousing, and customs clearance support, making them a reliable shipping partner from China.Β Β 
COSCO Shipping is a comprehensive logistics and shipping service provider, offering a wide range of services, including container shipping, logistics, terminal operations, and more.
The group plays a pivotal role in facilitating China’s import and export activities, providing reliable and efficient sea freight services to support the nation’s global trade endeavors.
Website:Β coscoshipping.com

ο»ΏBenefits Description
Trade Facilitation COSCO Shipping Group streamlines China's import and export activities with dependable sea freight services.
Global Connectivity The group's extensive shipping route network connects Chinese businesses to global markets with ease.
Port and Terminal Operations Collaborating with Chinese ports, the group optimizes cargo handling for efficient import and export processes.
Sustainability Initiatives Committed to sustainability, COSCO Shipping aligns with China's green shipping initiatives, reducing its environmental impact.
Technology and Innovation COSCO Shipping harnesses technology and innovation to boost supply chain efficiency, offering advanced cargo tracking and management solutions.

These benefits underscore COSCO Shipping Group’s pivotal role as a valuable partner for Chinese businesses engaged in international trade, contributing to their global competitiveness and providing comprehensive shipping and logistics solutions.

Hapag-Lloyd

The German shipping company Hapag-Lloyd offers reliable and efficient shipping services from China to destinations worldwide, with a strong focus on Europe and North America. Their range of services includes FCL, LCL, refrigerated cargo, and special cargo handling for heavy or oversized items. Hapag-Lloyd provides additional support through supply chain management, customs services, and cargo insurance, ensuring a seamless shipping experience from China.
Hapag-Lloyd collaborates closely with Chinese ports to optimize cargo handling processes, ensuring efficient import and export operations and reducing transit times.
The company is committed to sustainable shipping practices, aligning with China’s green shipping initiatives to reduce its environmental impact.
Website:Β hapag-lloyd.com

ο»ΏBenefits Description
Cargo Security Hapag-Lloyd prioritizes cargo security, ensuring the safe transportation of goods to and from China.
Cost Efficiency The company offers cost-efficient solutions, helping Chinese businesses reduce shipping-related expenses.
On-Time Delivery Hapag-Lloyd is known for its on-time delivery performance, ensuring timely shipments for Chinese enterprises.
Expertise and Support With extensive industry expertise, Hapag-Lloyd provides valuable support and guidance to Chinese businesses.
Customized Logistics Solutions The company offers tailored logistics solutions, adapting to the unique requirements of Chinese enterprises.

These additional benefits emphasize Hapag-Lloyd’s commitment to providing a comprehensive and supportive shipping and logistics experience for Chinese businesses engaged in international trade.

ONE (Ocean Network Express)

ONE, formed by the merger of three major Japanese carriers, provides extensive global coverage and a variety of shipping services from China to major ports across the globe. They offer FCL, LCL, temperature-controlled cargo, and specialized cargo handling for heavy or oversized items. ONE also provides intermodal transportation, supply chain management, and customs clearance services, ensuring comprehensive shipping solutions from China.Β ONE is known for its comprehensive container shipping services and a commitment to delivering high-quality, efficient, and sustainable logistics solutions worldwide.
Website:Β one-line.com

ο»ΏBenefits Description
Trade Facilitation ONE facilitates China's import and export activities with reliable and efficient sea freight services.
Global Connectivity With an extensive network of shipping routes, the company connects Chinese businesses to global markets.
Port Collaboration Collaborating with Chinese ports, ONE optimizes cargo handling processes, ensuring efficient import and export operations.
Sustainability Initiatives Committed to sustainability, the company aligns with China's green shipping initiatives, reducing its environmental impact.
Technology and Innovation ONE leverages technology and innovation to boost supply chain efficiency, offering advanced cargo tracking and management solutions.

These benefits highlight the significant role ONE plays as a valuable partner for Chinese businesses involved in international trade. The company contributes to enhancing their global competitiveness and offers dependable shipping and logistics solutions.

Evergreen Line

As Taiwan’s largest shipping company, Evergreen Line connects China to global markets, offering a comprehensive range of services and cargo solutions. They provide FCL, LCL, refrigerated cargo, and special cargo handling for oversized or heavy items.
Evergreen Line also offers value-added services such as inland transportation, warehousing, and customs clearance, catering to a wide range of shipping requirements from China.
Evergreen Line collaborates closely with Chinese ports to optimize cargo handling processes, ensuring efficient import and export operations and reducing transit times.
Website:Β evergreen-line.com

ο»ΏBenefits Description
Trade Facilitation Evergreen Line streamlines China's import and export activities by providing dependable sea freight services.
Global Connectivity The company's extensive network of shipping routes connects Chinese businesses to markets worldwide, facilitating global trade.
Port Collaboration Collaborating closely with Chinese ports, Evergreen Line optimizes cargo handling, ensuring efficient import and export operations and reducing transit times.
Sustainability Initiatives Evergreen Line is committed to sustainability, aligning with China's green shipping initiatives to minimize its environmental impact.
Technology and Innovation Leveraging technology and innovation, Evergreen Line enhances supply chain efficiency, offering advanced cargo tracking and management solutions for Chinese businesses.

These revised descriptions emphasize Evergreen Line’s commitment to facilitating trade, supporting global connectivity, and prioritizing sustainability while providing advanced logistics solutions for Chinese businesses.

ocean shipping companies in China

Yang Ming Marine Transport Corporation

Yang Ming, a Taiwanese shipping company, provides dependable shipping services from China to various destinations worldwide, with a focus on the Asia-Pacific region.
Β Taiwan. Established in 1972, Yang Ming has grown to become one of the world’s leading shipping companies, offering comprehensive transportation and logistics services globally.
Their range of services includes FCL, LCL, refrigerated cargo, and specialized cargo handling. Yang Ming also offers logistics services, customs brokerage, and cargo insurance, ensuring a comprehensive shipping solution from China.
The company facilitates China’s import and export activities by providing reliable and efficient sea freight services, supporting the nation’s global trade endeavors.
Website:Β yangming.com

ο»ΏBenefits Description
Trade Facilitation Yang Ming makes it easier for China to import and export goods by offering reliable and efficient sea freight services.
Global Connectivity The company's extensive network of shipping routes connects Chinese businesses to markets around the world, making global trade easier.
Port Collaboration By working closely with Chinese ports, Yang Ming speeds up the process of handling cargo, making imports and exports more efficient and faster.
Sustainability Initiatives Yang Ming cares about the environment and tries to reduce its impact by following China's green shipping rules.
Technology and Innovation Yang Ming uses modern technology and new ideas to improve how goods are shipped, providing advanced ways to track and manage cargo for Chinese businesses.

These added benefit underscores Yang Ming’s commitment to safeguarding cargo and delivering reliable shipping and logistics services for Chinese businesses engaged in international trade.

Key Challenges in China's Shipping Industry

The shipping industry in China faces several pressing challenges. Overcapacity issues, stemming from rapid infrastructure expansion, have led to lower demand for services and reduced profitability.
Environmental regulations, both domestic and international, are compelling Chinese shipping companies to adopt greener practices, adding operational complexities and costs. Fierce competition and pricing pressures are driving freight rates down, straining profit margins.
The threat of cybersecurity breaches looms larger as digitalization grows, requiring substantial investments in cybersecurity measures.Β 

  • Overcapacity Issues: China’s rapid expansion of its shipping infrastructure has led to overcapacity in ports and vessels. This surplus capacity can result in reduced profitability for shipping companies, as they struggle to maintain adequate demand for their services.
  • Environmental Regulations: Stricter environmental regulations, both domestically and internationally, have put pressure on Chinese shipping companies to adopt more eco-friendly practices. Compliance with emission standards and ballast water treatment requirements poses operational and financial challenges.
  • Competition and Pricing Pressures: Intense competition within the shipping industry has resulted in pricing pressures. Shipping companies often engage in price wars, driving down freight rates and eroding profit margins.
  • Cybersecurity Threats: With the increasing reliance on digital technologies and data in the shipping sector, cybersecurity threats have become a significant concern. Chinese shipping companies must invest in robust cybersecurity measures to protect sensitive information and operations.
  • Geopolitical Tensions: Geopolitical tensions, trade disputes, and changing trade policies can disrupt global supply chains and affect shipping routes. Chinese shipping companies must navigate these uncertainties, which can impact their business strategies and routes.
  • Labor and Skill Shortages: Finding and retaining skilled maritime professionals, including seafarers and port workers, can be a challenge. Labor shortages can lead to operational inefficiencies and increased labor costs.

Comparison ocean shipping companies in China

China’s ocean shipping industry features a diverse landscape of key players, each with unique strengths and challenges. Maersk Line, a global leader, offers extensive routes and innovative solutions, exemplified by its pandemic-driven online booking platforms.
CMA CGM, with its acquisition of NOL, has fortified its Asian presence, facilitating direct routes from China. COSCO Shipping, backed by the Chinese government, enjoys financial stability and participates in the Ocean Alliance for comprehensive services but grapples with cybersecurity concerns.Β let’s compare top ocean shipping companies in China :

  • Maersk Line:Β Maersk Line is known for its extensive global network and innovative approach. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Maersk introduced online booking platforms, making it easier for customers to manage their shipments.Β It tends to have higher pricing compared to some competitors.
  • CMA CGM:Β CMA CGM is a global giant with a strong presence in China. It acquired NOL (Neptune Orient Lines), a Singaporean shipping company, to strengthen its position in Asia. This acquisition allowed CMA CGM to offer more direct routes from China to other parts of the world.Β Like other large shipping companies, CMA CGM can sometimes face operational issues and port congestion.
  • COSCO Shipping:Β COSCO Shipping is backed by the Chinese government, giving it financial stability and political support. It’s part of the Ocean Alliance, a major shipping partnership, which allows it to provide comprehensive services. COSCO Shipping has faced cybersecurity challenges, such as the breach of its U.S. network, which raised concerns about data security.
  • Evergreen Line:Β Evergreen Line has a strong presence in Asia and offers reliable services. It’s known for its fleet of energy-efficient and eco-friendly vessels. Like other shipping companies, it may face challenges related to port congestion and environmental regulations.
  • ONE (Ocean Network Express): ONE is the result of a merger between three Japanese shipping companies and has a robust presence in China and Asia. It provides efficient services connecting China to various global markets. It may encounter competition from well-established players in the industry.
  • Hapag-Lloyd:Β Hapag-Lloyd is known for its innovative approach to technology, including digital booking and tracking systems. This has helped streamline processes for customers, making it easier to manage shipments. It faces challenges related to port congestion and pricing pressures.
  • Yang Ming Marine Transport Corporation:Β Yang Ming is a Taiwanese company with a strong presence in China. It focuses on sustainability and has invested in eco-friendly vessels. It may face challenges related to global competition and adhering to environmental regulations.
  • Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC):Β MSC is one of the largest shipping companies globally and has a well-established presence in China. It’s known for its comprehensive services and global reach. Like other large shipping companies, MSC may face challenges with port congestion and operational efficiency.

Conclusion

Β Ocean shipping companies in China form a vibrant and competitive industry that plays a pivotal role in the country’s global trade operations. Each of these companies brings its unique strengths and challenges, catering to various shipping needs.
Β Whether it’s Maersk Line’s extensive global reach, COSCO Shipping’s government backing, or Evergreen Line’s commitment to eco-friendly initiatives, businesses in China have a diverse range of options to choose from. However, the choice among these companies depends on specific requirements, such as cost, efficiency, and sustainability.
As China continues to play a central role in global trade, these ocean shipping companies in China are crucial facilitators of the nation’s economic growth and international trade endeavors.
Hipofly Shipping Company stands out as a reliable and customer-centric choice. With a commitment to efficiency, cutting-edge technology, and extensive industry experience, Hipofly Shipping Company provides tailored sea freight services that meet the specific needs of businesses.
By partnering with us, you gain access to our extensive network of top-tier seaports and our strong relationships with global carriers, ensuring the smooth and punctual delivery of your cargo.Β 

FAQ

Ocean shipping companies in China are businesses that specialize in the transportation of goods and commodities via sea routes between China and international markets. They are responsible for managing cargo shipments, providing vessel services, and ensuring the efficient movement of goods across the world's oceans.

Yes , some of the top ocean shipping companies in China include Maersk Line, CMA CGM, COSCO Shipping, Evergreen Line, ONE (Ocean Network Express), Hapag-Lloyd, Yang Ming Marine Transport Corporation, and Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC). These companies play a significant role in facilitating global trade.

Maersk Line offers several key benefits, including its extensive global network that covers major trade routes worldwide. It is known for its innovative solutions, such as online booking platforms, which enhance customer convenience and cargo management efficiency. Additionally, Maersk Line's reputation for reliability and on-time deliveries adds value to its services.

CMA CGM strengthened its presence in China through strategic acquisitions, most notably its acquisition of NOL (Neptune Orient Lines), a Singaporean shipping company. This acquisition allowed CMA CGM to expand its footprint in Asia and offer more direct shipping routes from China to various global destinations.

COSCO Shipping benefits from its close affiliation with the Chinese government, which provides it with financial stability and political support. Additionally, COSCO Shipping is a member of the Ocean Alliance, a significant shipping partnership that enables it to offer comprehensive and competitive services.

Evergreen Line places a strong emphasis on sustainability by operating a fleet of energy-efficient and eco-friendly vessels. These vessels are designed to reduce their environmental impact, aligning with global efforts to reduce carbon emissions and promote green shipping practices.

The ocean shipping industry in China faces a range of challenges, including overcapacity due to rapid infrastructure expansion, stricter environmental regulations, pricing pressures from competition, cybersecurity threats, geopolitical tensions impacting trade routes, labor shortages, infrastructure development needs, regulatory compliance complexities, supply chain disruptions, and the adoption of new technologies, which require substantial investments and adaptation.

Ocean shipping companies in China play a pivotal role in facilitating the country's international trade, which is a cornerstone of its economy. These companies enable the import and export of a wide range of goods, fostering economic growth and job creation. By connecting Chinese businesses to global markets, they expand trade opportunities, boost foreign exchange earnings, and stimulate economic development in coastal regions.

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